Churn.



N0. 650MB.

Patent ed' May 22, I900. T. F. TIEHNEY.

C H U H N (Application fild July 29, 1899.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 (No Model.)

WITNESSES CMMWLSQS "m: Nbnms PETERS m. momuwo; wmmeron. m c.

NrrEiD STATES {PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS r. TIERNEY, onALrooNA, PENNSYLVANIA.

. srncrrrcarron forming part of LettersjPatent No. 650,1 18, dated my 22, 1960. Application til'ed 1.1, 29, 1899'. "Serial ll'o. 725,522. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS F. TIERNEY, a citizen of the United States of America, residing in Altoona, in the county of Blair, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Rotary Churn, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has relation to improvements in rotary churns wherein a column or curwhich Figure 1 is a view in elevation of the complete churn as it appears ready for operation. Fig. 2 is a similar View with the shell of the churn-body broken away to show the arrangement of the interior break strips or panels and the dasher, the bottom of the churn being partly in section to show the bearing for the end of the vertical shaft and the mechanism for'rotating the dasher being removed. Fig.

3 is an enlarged detail view of the hollow dasher and stem. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse central section al view of the dasher and stem. Fig. 5 is a view in horizontal section through the dasher, taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a detail of the stirrup which is secured to the top of the hollow stem and which has the vertical shaft detachably fixed therein. Fig. 7 is a detail side view of one of the break strips or panels.

Referring'to the drawings, wherein the respective parts and elements are designated by reference letters and numerals, A designates the body or barrel of the churn, preferably made in tub shape and tapering from top to bottom, as indicated, and composed of any suitable material. I have shown it as being made of staves maintained and secured in proper shape by hoops arranged thereon in the usual manner and having a substantial bottom of wood. Adjacent to or on a level with the bottom of the churn-body is an opening 1, closed by a'plug 2, and provided drawings.

with a spout 3, secured to the surface of the body and with which the opening communicates to discharge the contents of the churn,

as desired or required. The churn-body is supported on legs 4, having chamfered upper ends, so that they incline outward, as shown, and having their upper ends detachably secured in brackets or sleeves 5 of any suitable construction;

In the interior of the churn-body are secured break-strips 6, arranged at equal determined distances apart and inclined in vertical direction to the vertical axis of the churn and having a number of perforations 7, through which the contents of the churn are forced during agitation, the strips being secured in position by cleats. or blocks 8 8. These break-strips are preferably tapered in cross-section from' the back, resting against the surface of the churn-body to their outer edge, so that they have 'a tendency to deflect the contents toward the center of the churn, and their inclined direction serves to direct the contents downward in the body of the churn, thereby producing a downward agitation by the contact instead of splashing the contents in upward direction, and thus by the force of the downward movement giving additional agitation to the other portion of the contents adjacent to and in contact with the exterior of the dasher. These breakstrips are shown in detail inFig. 7 of the In the bottom of the churn is formeda bearing 9, whereln'the lower end of the vertical shaft has its bearing and seat. (See Fig. 2.) 1

B designates the dasher, consisting of ahollow body circular in contour and having a conical top part 10, formed with a central seat or socket in its apex, as at 11, wherein the hollow stem is seated and secured by any proper means, and in the center of the socket 11 is an opening communicating with the in terior of the dasher, as indicated in Fig; 4 of the drawings. The bottom of the dasher has a central opening 12, through which the lower end portion of the vertical shaft passes to provide for its engagement or bearing in the bottom of the churn. The top and bottom of the dasher aresecured together by crescentshaped segments 13 14, arranged on opposite to the circumferential edge of the dasher,

through the radial openings and up over the v To operate the dasher and stem, I have deother, as shown.

' connected at the top by a cross-piece.

'ed,as shown, torreceive a crank 24, by which sides of the chamber in the dasher and hav ing their outer edges concentric with the pen imeter of the dasher for the greater portion of their lengths and at opposite points, as at 14: 15, turned sharply inward and eccentric substantially as seen in Fig. 5 of the drawings,where by radial passages or openings are formed between the respective approaching ends of the segments and an enlarged central chamber in the interior of the body of the dasher. Adash-er. of this construction having the conical'top, which, being rotated in th edirectionofthe arrow, (indicated in Fig. 5,-) promotes the churning process by forcing the air down the hollow stem into the chamber of the dasher, and from thence into the cream conicaljtop-in an agitative Wave motiom'the currents of cream escaping 'from the incline of the top back into the body of the cream I for renewed contact with the air. In the seat in the apex of the dasher is detaehably'se cured the vertical hollow stem 16, opening at its base into the chamber of the dasherand formed at its top with a shoulder above which the stem is contracted to provide means for the reception and retention of a stirrup-band 17. This stirrup-band is formed with vertical arms 18 18 arranged radially opposite on the band'and directed inward toward the center, as shown, and connected to and supporting acentral sleeve 19, through which the vertical shaft 20 is projected, as shown in the drawings. A set-screw 21, let through" the sleeve 20 and bearing with its endagainst the shaft, serves to hold the stem in the positionto the shaft asdesired. The bore or tube of the vertical stem 16 is made flaring from bot-,- tom to'top, whereby the volume of air entering the mouth is forced down the stem and delivered to the-dasher with accelerated impetus. v

vised the following described mechanism O designates a standard having an enlarged base adapted to be secured to the upper surface of, the cover of the churn and extending sired to meet the exigencies to which it may be subjected. At the upper end of the standard'is formed a vertical frame 22, composed of-vertically-parallel side pieces, as shown, In the sidegpiecesof the frame are formed upper and lower bearings, the lower bearings being designatedby b and the upper by bgarranged parallel in longitudinal relation with each In the lower bearings is journaled a shaft23, having one end extendthe shaft may be rotated. vOn the lower shaft isfixedly mounted a pinion 25. In the up per bearings is journaled a shaft 26, having mounted thereon a pinion 27, in mesh with the pinion 25. On the extended end of the shaft v26 is mounted and fixedly secured a larger pinion 28. p

20 designates the vertical shaft, which is projected through and detachably secured in the sleeve 19 ofthe stirrup on the top of the 'hollow stem of the dasher and having its lower end suitably seated in the bearing 9 in the bottom of the churn. The top end of the vertical shaft 20 is journaled in a bearing 30, formed in the end of an arm projected from the standard 0, and on the upper end of the vertical shaft is secured a bevel-pinion 31,

in mesh with the gear or larger pinion 28, substantially as shown. Itwill thus be per ceived that by turning the crank the associated gearing andmechanism results in imparting to the dasheria rapid revolution,and consequently a violent agitation of thecontents of the churn. The vertical shaft 20 is made of smaller diameter than the bore of the stem of the dasher, so that an annular space is formed between "the interior of the stem and the surface of the shaft, "whereby the air isfree to enter the stem and'be car* 'ried down into contact with the contents of thechurn. v

It willrbe observed that the cover of the churnbody is of peculiar make or'construction,'beingin two sections or parts which are substantial duplicates in contour and aline on the surface. The half-section of the lid supporting the stand and gears fits with its under surface upon a groove or 'slot spe= cially made in the body to receive it;--while the under surface fits the top of the body, as shown, holding in place the 'center"'shaft of the churn. The other half-section of the cover fits to the inside and top of the churnbody and is removable at will.

The-process of aeration of the cream by means of and through the center or vertical hollow stem of the rotary dasher hastens the process of liberating the butter and also of thoroughly removing any and all impurities or 'dissipatingthe odors it may contain, re sulting in 'a product of pure and wholesome flavor and its keeping qualities largely in creased.

The opening in the center of the cover per mits of the escape of any and all foul odors that are driven out by the'ae'rating process contin ually applied down through the hollow stem of the'dasher; This opening also permits of the raising and lowering of the stem and dasher at will, so that the dasher maybe placed at the desired position in the contents of the churn.

I amaware that rotary churns have been made having hollow dashers with vertical stems and curved or segmental pieces in the body of the dasher, as shown in patents to Munday, No. 489,872, dated January 10, 1893, and Moser, No. 599,723, dated March 1,1898,

which constructions I disclaim, my improvements being laid to the particular constructions of the dasher with the crescent-shaped segments and the vertical stem with downward-tapering bore, as particularly set forth in the claim.

What I claim is 5 In a rotary churn, a dasher consisting of a circular hollow body comprising a bottom, crescent-shaped segments 13, 14 arranged opposite to each other with their outer faces concentric with the perimeter of the dasher IQ for the greater portion oftheir length and their opposite end portions 14, 15, turned sharply inward and eccentric to the edge face of the dasher, there being a radial passageway between the adjacent ends, and the conical top formed with a central socket and an opening leading therefrom into the interior of the dasher, and a vertical hollow stem, the bore of which tapers from top to bottom.

THOMAS F. TIERNEY. Witnesses:

OLIVER SPEMELLER, K. E. OREIGHTON. 

